MS - 07 Information Systems for Managers

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ASSIGNMENT

Course Code                      :               MS - 07

Course Title                       :               Information Systems for Managers   

Assignment Code            :               MS-07/TMA/SEM-I/2014

Coverage                             :               All Blocks

Note : Attempt all the questions and submit this assignment on or before 30th April, 2014 to the coordinator of your study center.

Q.1. What is the purpose of a computer aided decision support system? What are the major components of such a system? How does it help the decision making process?

Ans : Purpose of a computer aided decision support system :

A Decision Support System (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities. DSSs serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization (usually mid and higher management) and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance (Unstructured and Semi-Structured decision problems). Decision support systems can be either fully computerized, human or a combination of both. While academics have perceived DSS as a tool to support decision making process, DSS users see DSS as a tool to facilitate organizational processes. Some authors have extended the definition of DSS to include any system that might support decision making. Sprague (1980) defines DSS by its characteristics:

1. DSS tends to be aimed at the less well structured, underspecified problem that upper level managers typically face;
2. DSS attempts to combine the use of models or analytic techniques with traditional data access and retrieval functions;

Q.2. What are the determinants of MIS design according to Zani? Explain the following statement, “there is a two way relationship between organization and Information Systems”.

Ans :  Determinants of MIS design :

An MIS should not automate the existing procedures. MIS should act as a catalyst of change in the processes of an organization. For instance, a private bank sanctions loans by using a sequential process. An applicant applies for a loan, the details provided by him are verified, and his application details are entered into the bank application format along with his credit limit. The computer application is then passed on to the loan sanctioning authority. The process takes two weeks time even though the staff spends about thirty minutes on the application. A workflow system should not automate the existing process. It should aim to reduce the application processing time to less than a week. The present workflow systems let everyone look at the application simultaneously and each concerned person adds his feedback. The sequential process has been changed to a parallel process. The total time has comedown to less than a week.

According to Zani, the important determinants of MIS design are:

1)Opportunities and risks

2)Company strategy

3)Company structure

Q.3.What is computerized maintenance management? Explain the conceptual model through which the maintenance function can achieve its objectives on a sustained .

Ans : Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS) – Maintenance 4000 Maintenance4000 from Real Asset Management International (RAMI) is a   (CMMS) used to track maintenance and repairs for all asset types. Designed to manage planned and preventative maintenance and reduce equipment downtime, Maintenance4000 increases productivity and controls and reports on all planned and unplanned maintenance related to fixed assets and inventory items.

Q.4. In which phase of system life cycle the following are performed? Defining the problem, indentifying its causes, specifying the solution, and identifying the information requirements.

Ans :

The system lifecycle in systems engineering is an examination of a system or proposed system that addresses all phases of its existence to include system conception, design and development, production and/or construction, distribution, operation, maintenance and support, retirement, phase-out and disposal.

A systems development life cycle is composed of a number of clearly defined and distinct work phases which are used by systems engineers and systems developers to plan for, design, build, test, and deliver information systems. Like anything that is manufactured on an assembly line, an SDLC aims to produce high quality systems that meet

Q. 5. What are expert systems? Mention the working principles of expert systems. Also discuss how knowledge can be represented in expert systems.

Ans : Expert systems :

In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning about knowledge, represented primarily as IF-THEN rules rather than through conventional procedural code. The first expert systems were created in the 1970s and then proliferated in the 1980s. Expert systems were among the first truly successful forms of AI software.

An expert system is divided into two sub-systems: the inference engine and the knowledge base. The knowledge base represents facts and rules. The inference engine applies the rules to the known facts to deduce new facts. Inference engines can also include explanation and debugging capabilities.

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